Main security and political provisions
The document reaffirms Ukrainian sovereignty while obliging Kyiv to amend its constitution to codify military neutrality. Ukrainian troop levels would be capped at 600,000 personnel, and NATO would pledge not to deploy forces inside Ukraine. European combat aircraft would instead be based in Poland.
Under the U.S. guarantee section, Washington would receive unspecified compensation for its commitment. The text states that if Ukraine invaded Russia or launched an unjustified missile strike on Moscow or St. Petersburg, the guarantee would be void. Conversely, a renewed Russian offensive would trigger a coordinated military response from the United States and European allies and reinstate comprehensive sanctions on Moscow.
Economic reconstruction and sanctions relief
The draft envisages a large-scale reconstruction package for Ukraine, including creation of a Ukraine Development Fund targeting technology, energy and infrastructure projects. One hundred billion dollars in frozen Russian assets would be channeled into these efforts, with half of the investment returns allocated to the United States. European partners would add another $100 billion, while remaining frozen Russian funds would finance joint U.S.–Russian commercial ventures.
For Russia, the proposal offers phased sanctions relief and an invitation to rejoin the Group of Eight. It also outlines prospective cooperation in the Arctic, artificial intelligence, energy and rare-earth extraction. A joint American-Russian working group would monitor compliance with all security clauses.
Territorial adjustments
The plan recognizes Crimea, Luhansk and Donetsk as territories of the Russian Federation. Control of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia would be frozen along the current line of contact, creating de facto recognition of that boundary. Russian forces would withdraw from other occupied areas, while Ukrainian troops would leave their positions in the part of Donetsk Oblast still under Kyiv’s control. A demilitarized buffer zone would be established in that sector, administered internationally but legally acknowledged as Russian territory.
Both states would commit not to alter these boundaries by force. Any violation would nullify the security guarantees embedded in the agreement.
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Nuclear and energy measures
Ukraine would reaffirm its non-nuclear status, and the United States and Russia would extend existing strategic arms-control treaties, including START I. The Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, currently under Russian control, would restart operations under International Atomic Energy Agency supervision, with electricity output split equally between Russia and Ukraine.
Humanitarian and political steps
A humanitarian committee would oversee the exchange of all remaining prisoners, detainees and war casualties, implement a family-reunification program and coordinate relief for civilian victims. The agreement calls for nationwide Ukrainian elections within 100 days of signature and grants all combatants and officials comprehensive amnesty for wartime actions.
The final clause establishes a Peace Council chaired by U.S. President Donald J. Trump to monitor implementation and impose sanctions for non-compliance. A cease-fire would take effect immediately after both armies withdraw to the lines specified in the document.
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said the framework aims to provide security and economic incentives for both countries, arguing that each side would “gain more than it gives.” However, several provisions—particularly territorial recognition and NATO exclusion—could prove contentious within Ukraine’s political establishment and among European allies.
The 28-point proposal remains subject to further negotiation and has not been formally accepted by either Kyiv or Moscow. U.S. officials indicated that subsequent consultations with European capitals and Russian representatives will determine whether the draft can move toward a signed accord.
Crédito da imagem: Win McNamee / Getty Images
